在去碳化的背景下，为了提高可再生能源发电的装机容量，基于质热平衡建立火电机组耦合熔盐储能系统的稳态模型，通过比较多种储放热方案变工况条件下耦合储热系统改造后火电机组的热力学性能和经济效益，提出可行的改造配置；通过数值模拟建立系统时序变工况模型，研究储放热过程起始至稳定的机组特性。研究结果表明：采用抽取主蒸汽与再热蒸汽的混合储热模式，可协同实现深度调峰（调峰深度达65.51%）与高效顶峰（功率增容19.84MW），并在此方案下获得最佳的机组往返效率（63.52%）。基于上述方案的变工况仿真结果表明：混合抽汽方案平均功率下降速率2.5%Pe；放热时爬坡速率虽仅为0.63%Pe，但稳定性提升。从经济角度考虑主蒸汽储热方案投资回收期仅2.32年，混合抽汽方案系统复杂，度电改造成本上升23%。

In the context of decarbonization, to increase the installed capacity of renewable energy generation, a steady-state model of a thermal power unit coupled with a molten salt energy storage system was established based on mass and heat balance. By comparing the thermodynamic performance and economic benefits of retrofitted thermal power units with integrated energy storage systems under variable operating conditions across multiple charge-discharge schemes, feasible retrofit configurations are proposed. A time-series variable-condition model of the system was established through numerical simulations to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the unit from the initiation of the heat charging/discharging process until stabilization. The findings demonstrate that adopting a hybrid thermal storage mode integrating main steam and reheat steam extraction can synergistically achieve deep peak shaving (with a peak shaving depth of 65.51%) and efficient peak capacity (with a power capacity increase of 19.84 MW), while attaining the optimal unit round-trip efficiency (63.52%) under this scheme. The dynamic simulation results based on the above scheme indicate that the hybrid steam extraction scheme has an average power decline rate of 2.5% Pe. Although the ramp-up rate during heat discharge is only 0.63% Pe, system stability is improved. From an economic perspective, the main steam heat storage scheme has a payback period of only 2.32 years. The hybrid steam extraction system is more complex, leading to a 23% increase in the retrofitting cost per kWh.