涡轮叶片气膜孔的加工方式主要包括增材制造和电火花加工，但两种方式导致的气膜孔表面形貌存在显著差异。为探究两种加工方式对气膜冷却性能的影响，通过计算机断层扫描（CT）获取气膜孔内部真实形貌。扫描结果表明，增材制造孔相较电火花孔粗糙度增大64.9%，圆度比降低2.7%，圆形度降低3.1%，直径增大11.5%。增材制造孔具有非对称的孔内粗糙形貌，而电火花孔截面形状近似于椭圆形。通过数值模拟方法获得了0.5、0.75和1.0三种吹风比下光滑圆孔、增材制造孔、电火花孔的冷效与流场信息。模拟结果表明，增材制造孔非对称粗糙形貌造成非对称速度分布，生成一强一弱的非对称肾形涡，肾形涡强度较弱一侧气膜贴壁较好，冷效相较光滑圆孔在吹风比1.0时提升42.1%。电火花孔的孔型偏差导致肾型涡增强，气膜相较光滑圆孔更易于分离，冷效显著降低，吹风比1.0时降低50.6%。

Both additive manufacturing (AM) and electrical discharge machining (EDM) can process the film cooling holes of turbine blades, while the surface topographies of the film cooling holes caused by the two processing methods show significant differences. To compare and explore the effects of surface topographies caused by AM and EDM on film cooling performance, computer tomography (CT) was utilized to obtain real internal surface topographies of film cooling holes. It was found that compared to EDM holes, the roughness of AM holes increased by 64.9%, the roundness ratio decreased by 2.7%, the circularity decreased by 3.1% and the diameter increased by 11.5%.AM holes had asymmetric internal roughness surface topography, and EDM holes had elliptical cross profiles. The adiabatic film cooling effectiveness and flow field characteristics of the smooth circular holes, the AM hole, and the EDM hole were obtained through numerical simulations under three different blowing ratios of 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0. The asymmetric rough surface topography of the AM hole leads to asymmetric velocity distribution, generated asymmetric kidney vortices and resulted in asymmetric distribution of film cooling effectiveness, which increased by 42.1% compared to the smooth circular hole at the blowing ratio of 1.0. The deviation of the cross profile of the EDM hole lead to the enhancement of the kidney shaped vortices, and the film was easier to separate compared to the smooth circular hole. The cooling effectiveness significantly reduced by 50.6% at the blowing ratio of 1.0.