船舶实际航行时产生的滚动轴承故障样本量较少且获取困难，导致故障信号无法有效识别，本文提出了一种模拟船舶牵连运动的滚动轴承故障信号分析方法。根据建立的海浪模型及船舶动力学方程，利用船舶牵连运动的仿真模拟获取牵连运动轨迹；建立加入轨迹作为位移激励的轴承实验台动力学模型，选取振动特征指标；通过提取振动加速度信号特征指标，进行振动特性分析。结果表明:外圈故障的平均频率差值可达7.5%，滚动体故障的平均频率差值可达6.7%，部分相同指标不同故障稳定性较差。本文为识别牵连运动下有效特征指标选择与运行维护提供了理论支撑与实践参考。

The sample size of rolling bearing failures generated during actual ship navigation is small and difficult to obtain, making it challenging to effectively identify failure signals. This paper proposes a method for analyzing rolling bearing failure signals that simulate ship transport motions. Based on the established wave model and ship dynamics equations, the transport motion trajectory is obtained using a simulation of ship transport motions. A bearing test bench dynamics model is established with the trajectory added as displacement excitation, and vibration featured indicators are selected. Vibration characteristic analysis is performed by extracting vibration acceleration signal featured indicators. The results show that the average frequency difference of outer ring faults can reach 7.5%, the average frequency difference of rolling element faults can reach 6.7%, and some of the same indicators have poor fault stability. This paper provides theoretical support and practical reference for the selection and operation and maintenance of effective featured indicators under transport motions.

国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）；黑龙江省自然科学基金资助项目