海上风电机组运行环境复杂,而地震及海流作用对桩基底部土壤结构冲刷效应下使桩基结构裸露致其更易损坏。为此探讨冲刷效应下近海单桩式风力机风-浪-震联合作用下结构动力学响应,以DTU 10 MW单桩式风力机为研究对象,建立多物理场耦合数值模型,研究不同地震震级下无冲刷、局部和整体冲刷下风力机的动力学响应。结果表明：地震发生时,风力机动力学响应显著放大,地震强度越高,其位移、加速度与应力响应峰值增加越明显；冲刷效应进一步放大结构响应,冲刷深度越深,位移和应力响应越显著；在8级地震作用下,整体冲刷2D时,塔顶位移最大增幅超过无冲刷工况的130%,桩基最大应力增幅达339%；高震级地震显著放大结构响应,且冲刷效应的影响更为明显,尤其冲刷深度较大时对结构安全威胁更大。

Offshore wind turbines operate in complex environmental conditions, and the scour effect induced by earthquakes and ocean currents exposes the bottom soil structure around monopile foundations, increasing their vulnerability. To address this issue, this study investigates the dynamic responses of monopile-supported offshore wind turbines under combined wind-wave-seismic loads considering scour effects. Taking the DTU 10 MW monopile wind turbine as the research object, a multiphysics coupling numerical model is established to analyze the structural responses under varying earthquake intensities with three scour conditions: no scour, local scour, and global scour. The results indicate that structural dynamic responses of the wind turbine are significantly amplified during earthquakes, with higher earthquake intensities leading to more substantial increases in displacement, acceleration, and stress peaks. Scour effects further amplify structural responses, and greater scour depth results in more pronounced displacement and stress responses. Under an earthquake magnitude of 8 and global scour depth of 2D, the maximum displacement increase at the tower top exceeds 130% compared to the non-scour condition, and the maximum stress increase in the monopile foundation reaches 339%. High-intensity earthquakes significantly magnify structural responses, and the influence of scour effects becomes even more pronounced, especially at greater scour depths, posing a greater threat to structural safety.

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