新型电力系统中，固体电蓄热技术在生产供热和电网调峰等领域得到应用。现有研究多集中于独立的蓄热或放热过程分析，缺少对实际应用中“边蓄边放”运行模式下蓄热体内部传热特性研究。以某工程蓄热体风道结构为研究对象，建立流固耦合传热风道模型，通过数值模拟计算重点研究了不同风速（2、3、5 m/s）对边蓄（通电蓄热）边放（通风放热）过程中温度场演化及热量分配的影响规律。结果表明：风速是调控蓄热体储热与空气放热比例的关键参数。低风速（2、3 m/s）下，蓄热体、电热丝及出口空气温度均持续升高，蓄热体储热量显著增加；高风速（5 m/s）下，蓄热体温度下降，电热丝产生热量均被空气带走。风道内温度场呈径向对称、轴向递增分布，电热丝温度主导整体温度分布。增大风速可减薄热边界层厚度，强化对流换热，提高单位时间放热量，但会抑制蓄热体的温升。研究结果揭示了边蓄边放过程传热机理，为蓄热装置运行参数优化设计提供了理论依据。

In new power systems, solid electric thermal storage technology is applied in areas such as industrial heating supply and grid peak shaving. Existing research primarily focuses on the analysis of stand-alone charging or discharging processes, while studies on the heat transfer characteristics within thermal storage units under the "simultaneous charging and discharging" operational mode in practical applications are lacking. A fluid-solid coupled heat transfer model was established, and numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the effects of different air velocities (2, 3, and 5 m/s) on temperature field evolution and heat distribution during simultaneous charging (electric heating) and discharging (ventilation heat release). The results show that air velocity is a key parameter regulating the proportion of heat stored in the thermal storage unit versus heat released to air. Under low velocities (2 and 3 m/s), temperatures of the thermal storage unit, heating wires, and outlet air continuously increased, with significant heat accumulation in the storage unit. At high velocity (5 m/s), the thermal storage unit temperature decreased, with all heating wire energy transferred to air. The temperature field exhibited radial symmetry and axial progression along the duct, dominated by heating wire temperatures. Increasing air velocity reduced thermal boundary layer thickness, enhanced convective heat transfer, and improved instantaneous heat release rate, but suppressed temperature rise in the thermal storage unit. These findings reveal the heat transfer mechanisms of simultaneous charging-discharging processes and provide theoretical guidance for optimizing operational parameters of thermal storage devices.

中国煤炭科工集团有限公司科技创新创业资金专项项目(2023-2-KJHZ001)