以航空发动机篦齿-橡胶涂层机匣转静碰摩故障为研究对象，开展了转静碰摩实验，采集了碰摩所产生的辐射声信号，基于趋势分析和三维谱图提取了声信号的时频域特征，获得了转静碰摩过程中声压的变化规律及特征频谱。研究结果表明，转静未碰摩时，声压随着转子转速升高基本保持稳定，此时声压级不超过105dB。转静碰摩时，声压急剧升高，声压级最大可达157dB，随着碰摩减弱，声压逐渐降低。转静碰摩声信号的特征频率成分包括转静子耦合共振引起的机匣及鼓筒行波共振频率，还可捕捉到机匣及鼓筒行波共振频率的组合频率。与机匣振动加速度信号相比，声信号包含更丰富的碰摩特征频率。

Taking the labyrinth-rubber coated casing rubbing faults of aero-engines as research topic, the rotor-stator rubbing is studied by experiments. The rubbing-radiated sound signal is collected and its time-frequency domain characteristics are analyzed based on trend analysis technique and the waterfall plots. The variations of the sound pressure and the corresponding spectral features during the rubbing are obtained. The results indicate that when no rotor-stator rubbing occurs, the sound pressure remains almost stable with the rotor speed and the resulting sound pressure level (SPL) is less than 105dB. However, during rotor-stator rubbing, the sound pressure value abruptly increases, leading to a maximum SPL up to 157dB. The sound pressure gradually decreases as the rubbing intensity diminishes. The characteristic frequencies of rubbing include the traveling-wave natural frequencies of the casing and the drum induced by the rotor-stator coupling resonance. Additionally, the combination frequencies of these traveling-wave natural frequencies of the casing and the drum can be captured. In comparison with the vibration data collected on the casing, more characteristic frequencies can be observed in sound signals.

国家重大科技专项(J2022-IV-0011-0025)