为使垂直轴风力机变桨控制实现在大尖速比范围内的主动变桨，以NACA0018翼型三叶片垂直轴风力机为例，利用CFD方法通过变桨系数实现在较大尖速比范围内的叶片变桨，并对比了变桨前后垂直轴风力机气动及流场特性差异。结果表明：变桨控制在各尖速比下均可有效提升叶片气动效率，最佳变桨系数随尖速比上升而增加。低尖速比下应减小叶片攻角以改善流动分离，而在高尖速比下应增大叶片攻角以提升叶片气动效率、缩短尾迹长度。变桨后整机气动效率在尖速比为1.25和4.25时分别提高83.86％和10.53％。

To achieve active pitch control for vertical axis wind turbines within a wide range of tip speed ratios, this study takes a three-bladed vertical axis wind turbine with NACA0018 airfoils as an example and utilizes the CFD method to implement blade pitching through a pitch coefficient across a broad range of tip speed ratios. The differences in aerodynamic and flow field characteristics of the vertical axis wind turbine before and after pitching are compared.The results show that pitch control can effectively enhance blade aerodynamic efficiency at all tip speed ratios, with the optimal pitch coefficient increasing as the tip speed ratio rises. At low tip speed ratios, the blade attack angle should be reduced to mitigate flow separation, while at high tip speed ratios, the blade attack angle should be increased to improve aerodynamic efficiency and shorten wake length. After pitching, the overall aerodynamic efficiency of the vertical axis wind turbine increases by 83.86% and 10.53% at tip speed ratios of 1.25 and 4.25, respectively.

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国家重点研发计划资助(2024YFA1012501),浮式垂直轴风力机风场湍流随机模型及动态失速演化机理研究；国家自然科学基金(52376204,52476212)