电子电气设备的小型化与集成化提出了更高的热控制要求,在传统传热流体中加入纳米颗粒、相变微胶囊(MEPCM)颗粒是一种解决设备散热冷却问题的可行方法。研究使用二氧化硅(SiO2)纳米颗粒、三聚氰胺甲醛树脂/十八烷胶囊颗粒,分别以单一、混合的方式制备水基SiO2纳米流体、MEPCM悬浮液、SiO2/MEPCM悬浮液,开展这三种功能传热流体在水平圆管内的对流换热实验,研究了雷诺数(Re)、混合质量比(mSiO2:mMEPCM)对流体传热和流动性能的影响。结果表明：在三种传热流体中,SiO2/MEPCM悬浮液通过减小其混合质量比在强化传热综合性能上获得的评价最高,能够实现高效节能换热,且这种优势随Re数的减小而增强。与传统水工质相比,SiO2/MEPCM悬浮液在Re=3153、mSiO2:mMEPCM=1:3下的综合性能实现了约78.77%的大幅提升。

The miniaturization and integration of electronic and electrical equipments have imposed higher thermal management requirements. Incorporating nanoparticles and microencapsulated phase change materials (MEPCM) into traditional heat transfer fluids is a feasible method to address the heat dissipation and cooling challenges of such equipments. This study used silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanoparticles and melamine-formaldehyde resin/octadecane microcapsules as additives for pure water to prepare SiO2 nanofluid, MEPCM suspension, and SiO2/MEPCM suspension, respectively. Experiments were conducted on the convective heat transfer performances of these heat transfer fluids in a horizontal tube, focusing on the effects of Reynolds number (Re) and mass mixing ratio (mSiO2:mMEPCM ) on the heat transfer and fluid flow properties of the fluids. The results shows that among the three heat transfer fluids, the SiO2/MEPCM suspension can achieve the highest evaluation in comprehensive heat transfer enhancement by decreasing its mass mixing ratio, with this advantage becoming more pronounced as the Re number decreases. Compared to the pure water, the SiO2/MEPCM suspension at Re=3153 and mSiO2:mMEPCM=1:3 can achieve an approximately 78.77% improvement in comprehensive performance.

TK221

5G基站“声子导热-相变液冷”协同热管理系统构建的基础理论和关键技术,国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）