随着我国可再生能源比例的不断提高，火电机组在电网自动发电控制（Automatic Generation Control）调频和调峰中的作用愈发重要。为了提升机组的调频能力和经济性，利用Dymola(Dynamic Modelling Lab)平台建立并验证了某350MW超临界火电机组的动态仿真模型，针对高加抽汽节流参与电网调频过程进行了动态过程模拟，并进一步探究了汽轮机参与电网调频过程中高加抽汽调节阀门的动态特性。基于该模型，本文研究了改变高加抽汽量对调峰性能的影响。研究结果表明，调整高加抽汽量能够显著提高机组在AGC调频过程中的负荷响应速度，尤其是在升负荷过程中，能使机组升负荷速度从0.7%Pe/min提升至1.1%Pe/min更快速地响应负荷变化，提升机组的灵活性。然而，在降负荷过程中，尽管高加抽汽有助于提升响应速度，但会降低机组的稳定性。因此，在调峰过程中必须精确控制高加抽汽阀门的开度，减小蒸汽温度变化率，从而确保机组安全稳定运行。

With the increasing proportion of renewable energy in China, the role of Automatic Generation Control (AGC) frequency regulation and peak shaving at thermal power generation units in grid becomes more and more critical. To enhance the frequency regulation capability and economic performance of the unit, a dynamic simulation model for a 350 MW supercritical thermal power unit was established and validated using the Dymola platform. The dynamic process of high-pressure steam extraction throttling involved in the grid frequency regulation process was simulated, and the dynamic characteristics of the extraction steam control valve during the turbine's participation in grid frequency regulation were further explored. Based on this model, this paper investigates the impact of varying the high-pressure steam extraction flow on peak shaving performance. The results show that adjusting the extraction steam flow can significantly improve the unit's load response speed in the AGC frequency regulation process. Particularly during load increase, it can speed up the load ramp rate from 0.7%Pe/min to 1.1%Pe/min, allowing the unit to respond more quickly to load changes and improving the unit's flexibility. However, during load reduction, although high-pressure extraction steam helps improve the response speed, it may lower the unit's stability. Therefore, during peak shaving, it is crucial to precisely control the opening of the high-pressure extraction steam valve to avoid rapid changes in steam temperature, ensuring the safe and stable operation of the unit.

TK22

国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFB4100803）