随着风力机叶片的大型化和柔性化，叶片气弹问题面临极大挑战。由于风力机在自然环境中工作，不但需要考虑正常运行工况的安全稳定性，还需要考虑停机工况，因此论文通过OpenFAST对IEA 15 MW风力机叶片在停机工况下的失速颤振问题开展了数值研究。结果表明：45 m/s均匀风速下，具有实际结构阻尼的叶片在-60~-17°和10~78°偏航风向范围内会发生大振幅的失速颤振；针对50°和-35°两个典型颤振风向进行分析，发现风向为50°时存在大小为31m/s的临界风速使叶片振幅突增，而风向为-35°时叶片振幅随风速增大呈对数增加，不存在突增过程，表明在正负偏航风向下叶片呈现出不同的振动失稳过程；湍流风下，湍流强度对正风向的影响大于负风向，增大来流湍流强度会使风向50°时叶片颤振临界风速减小。

As wind turbine blades become larger and more flexible, the blade aeroelasticity problem faces great challenges. Since wind turbines work in natural environments, not only the safety and stability of steady-state conditions but also the parked conditions need to be considered, so the paper carries out a numerical study on the stall flutter problem of IEA 15 MW wind turbine blades under parked conditions by OpenFAST. The results show that the stall flutter with large amplitude occurs in -60~-17° and 10~78° yaw wind direction for the blade with actual structural damping at 45 m/s uniform wind speed. Two typical flutter wind directions, 50° and -35°, are analysed, and it is found that there is a critical wind speed of 31 m/s in the 50° wind direction that causes a sudden increase in the blade vibration amplitude, whereas the blade vibration amplitude increases logarithmically with the increase in wind speed in the -35° wind direction, and there is no sudden increase, which suggests that the blades show different vibration destabilisation processes in positive and negative yawing wind directions. Under turbulent wind, the effect of turbulence intensity on the positive wind direction is greater than that on the negative wind direction, and increasing the turbulence intensity of the incoming flow will reduce the critical wind speed of blade vibration at 50° wind direction.

上海市IV类高峰学科-能源科学与技术-上海非碳基能源转换与利用研究院建设项目