随着天然气发电装机容量的增加，燃气电厂碳排放量也成为火电碳排放中不可忽略的一部分。天然气发电具有天然气成分稳定、成分分析手段较为成熟等特点，相比燃煤发电具有更高的碳排放数据质量，但由于运行过程中燃气电厂单位烟气流量大，流量测量成为碳排放量计量是否准确的关键一环。为了提高燃气电厂碳排放数据质量，计算某F级燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组的碳排放结果，提出基于燃料成分的理论CO2浓度与理论干烟气流量对实测值进行异常识别与修正的方法，对不同计量方法的碳排放数据结果进行偏差分析，并评定碳排放量的不确定度范围区间。结果表明，理论CO2浓度与理论干烟气流量的计算能有效地识别并修正运行过程中的异常值，对提高直接监测法的碳排放量的数据质量有重要意义；对于实例电厂而言，碳排放数据的相对偏差远超不确定度范围区间，说明不同计量方法的结果之间仍存在一定的系统误差，需要进一步研究减少系统误差的方法，并采取能提高测量仪器准确性的措施。

With the increasing of installed capacity of natural gas power generation, carbon emissions from gas-fired power plants have become a non-negligible part of thermal power carbon emissions. Natural gas power generation, characterized by stable natural gas composition and more mature means of composition analysis, has higher carbon emissions data quality than coal-fired power generation. However, due to the large flue gas flow rate per unit of gas-fired power plant during operation, the flow rate measurement has become a key link to the accuracy of carbon emission measurement. In order to improve the quality of carbon emission data of gas-fired power plants and calculate the carbon emission results of an F-class gas-steam combined cycle unit, a method is proposed to identify the anomalies and correct the measured values based on the theoretical CO2 concentration and theoretical dry flue gas flow rate of the fuel composition, and the results of carbon emission data of different measurement methods are analyzed in terms of bias, and the uncertainty range interval of carbon emission is evaluated. The results show that the calculation of theoretical CO2 concentration and theoretical dry flue gas flow rate can effectively identify and correct the outliers in the operation process, which is important for improving the data quality of carbon emission from the direct monitoring method; for the example power plant, the relative deviation of the carbon emission data is far beyond the uncertainty range interval, which indicates that there is a certain degree of systematic error between the results of the different measurement methods. It is necessary to further study the methods to reduce the systematic errors and take measures that can improve the accuracy of the measuring instruments.

国家自然科学基金联合基金；广东省自然科学基金杰出青年项目