齿轮减速器振动噪声性能直接影响了船舶的舒适性和安全性，但目前普遍采用的减振降噪手段已进入瓶颈期。针对这一问题对声学超材料在齿轮减速器箱体上的减振方法进行了研究，分析了齿轮减速器箱体在不同激励下的振动特性，设计了超材料单体结构和具有类似振动特征的箱体缩比模型，系统分析了超材料的质量比、阻尼比和单体结构数量等对减振效果的影响。针对缩比模型设计了超材料减振方案1（单体结构固有频率分别为2 690，2 790和2 970 Hz）和超材料减振方案2（相比于方案1增加单体结构，固有频率为4 000 Hz）。经分析得到，在缩比模型主要峰值频率处方案1的减振效果不小于7 dB。并通过试验对该计算结果进行验证，减振频带误差小于4.0%，减振幅值误差不超过10.3%，证明了超材料方案的有效性。

The vibration and noise performance of gear reducer directly affects the comfort and safety of ships, but the commonly used means of vibration and noise reduction has entered a bottleneck period. To solve this problem, this paper studies the vibration reduction method of acoustic metamaterials on the gear reducer box. The vibration characteristics of the gear reducer box under different excitations are analyzed, the metamaterial monomer structure and the box scaled model with similar vibration characteristics are designed, and the influences of the mass ratio, damping ratio and the number of monomer structures of metamaterials on the vibration reduction effect are systematically analyzed. For the scaled model, the metamaterial vibration reduction scheme Ⅰ in which the natural frequencies of the monomer structures are 2 690 Hz, 2 790 Hz and 2 970 Hz respectively,and the metamaterial vibration reduction scheme Ⅱ in which the natural frequency of the monomer structure is increased by 4 000 Hz compared with scheme Ⅰ, are designed. Through analysis, the vibration reduction effect at the main peak frequency of the scaled model is not less than 7 dB in scheme Ⅰ. The calculation results are verified by experiments. The vibration reduction frequency band error is less than 4.0%, and the vibration reduction amplitude error is not more than 10.3%, which proves the effectiveness of the metamaterial scheme.

TH132.41