在实际的试验实施过程中，受到试验场地、试验成本以及试验载荷等条件的制约，大型重载传动装置试验实施难度极大。为了简化试验条件并降低试验成本，以大型重载传动装置的齿轮轴为研究对象，基于相似理论中的量纲分析法推导出齿轮轴最大应力和变形的相似准则。采用KISSsoft和ABAQUS仿真软件对其物理性能的等效性进行了验证。分析结果表明：将模型尺寸按照1.5∶〖KG-2mm〗1的比例缩小时，缩比后的模型应力集中部位和最大应力与原模型一致、最大变形缩小1.5倍的相似准则为：原模型所受集中力缩小1.52，扭矩和弯矩缩小1.53

In the actual test implementation process,subject to conditions such as test site,test cost,and test load,it is extremely difficult to implement largescale heavyduty transmission test.In order to simplify the test conditions and reduce the test cost,this paper uses the gear shaft of a large heavyduty transmission device as the research object.Based on the dimensional analysis method of similarity theory,the similarity criterion of the maximum stress and deformation of the gear shaft is derived.KISSsoft and ABAQUS simulation software are used to verify the equivalence of its physical properties.The analysis results show that when the model size is scaled according to 1.5∶〖KG-2mm〗1, the similarity criteria for the stress concentration and the maximum stress of the model after scaling are consistent with the original model,and the maximum deformation scaling is 1.5 times as follows:the concentrated force on the original model is scaled by 1.52,and the torque and bending moment are scaled by 1.53.

TH132.41

中国博士后科学基金 (190525)；国家自然科学基金（11902259）；博士后创新人才支持计划（BX20190285）；中央高校基本科研业务费（G2020KY05406）