为提高基本ORC系统换热器内冷热流体换热温差匹配程度，提升系统热力性能，提出一种热源自调节有机朗肯循环发电系统，基于热力学第一定律和第二定律，建立了系统的数学模型并编制计算机程序进行分析，结果表明：当热源与有机工质换热温差不匹配时，采用热源自调节方式可有效提升基本ORC系统热力性能。热源自调节系数不同，ORC-R系统热力性能提升程度不同，存在随热源温度不同而有所变化的极限调节值。同时，ORC-R系统较基本ORC系统性能获得最优值时的蒸发温度降低，ORC-R系统净输出功、㶲效率随热源自调节系数增加呈现先增加后减小的变化规律，可找到热源自调节系数的最佳值使ORC-R系统热力性能达到最优：热源温度Tg=373、383、393和403 K时，ORC-R系统净输出功Wnet较基本ORC系统分别增加35.52%、42.75%、51.15%、57.63%；㶲效率ηex分别为基本ORC系统的0.8799倍、1.1749倍、1.4858倍和1.8078倍。

In order to improve the matching degree of heat transfer temperature difference between hot and cold fluids in the heat exchanger of the basic ORC system, enhance the thermal performance of the system ,a self-regulating ORC-R system was put forward. The mathematical model of the system is established based on the first and second laws of thermaldynamics, the computer program was written and analyzed. And the resuls show that: When the heat source and working medium heat transfer temperature is not matching , using heat from adjusting way can effectively improve thermal performance of basic ORC system. Different heat source self-regulating coefficient, the thermaldanamic performance of ORC-R system is different, there is limit value of regulation, and it varied as the heat source temperature adjustment. Moreover, compared with the basic ORC system, ORC-R system performance to obtain the optimal value at lower evaporation temperature. The net output power and energy efficiency of ORC-R system, with the increase of the self-regulating coefficient of the heat source, it presents the change rule of first increasing and then decreasing, the best heat source self-regulating coefficient can be found, which can make the ORC-R system to obtain the best thermodynamic performance. When the heat source temperature is 373K、383K、393K and 403K, the net output power of ORC-R system increases by 35.53%、42.75%、51.15%、57.63% respectively; the energy efficiency of ORC-R system is 0.8799 times、1.1749 times、1.4858 times and 1.8078 times of the basic ORC system.

TK11

国家自然科学基金项目（51574136，51574138，51374123）