通过风洞模拟实验和野外沙漠实验相结合的方法,对比研究了太阳能光伏组件表面积沙对组件输出功率的影响。结果表明,组件在沙漠环境中自然放置两年,组件安装倾角为0°时组件相对发电率达到最低,输出功率降幅最大,其最大值可达到22.4%,倾角为90°时降幅仅为0.98%。风洞模拟实验中,当风速较低(10 m/s)时,各角度组件输出功率降幅不大(均在5%以下),在倾角为60°时,相对发电率达到最小,其最小值为94.2%。当风速较高(20 m/s)时,各角度组件输出功率降幅较大(平均降幅在5%到10%),倾角为60°时相对,发电率的比值达到最小,其最小值为86.5%。实际降低的效率与理论上降低的效率的差值仅在2%以内,在误差允许范围内。

Through the combination of wind tunnel simulation experiment and field desert experiment, the influence of surface area sand of solar photovoltaic module on component output power was compared. The results show that the component is naturally placed in the desert environment for two years. When the component installation angle is 0°, the relative power generation rate of the component is the lowest, the output power decreases the most, and the maximum value can reach 22.4%. When the inclination angle is 90°, the decrease is only 0.98%. In the wind tunnel simulation experiment, when the wind speed is low (10m/s), the output power of each angle component decreases little (both below 5%). When the inclination angle is 60°, the relative power generation rate reaches the minimum, and the minimum value is 94.2%. When the wind speed is high (20m/s), the output power of each angle component decreases greatly (average drop is 5% to 10%). When the inclination angle is 60°, the ratio of power generation rate is the smallest, and the minimum value is 86.5%. The difference between the actual reduced efficiency and the theoretically reduced efficiency is only within 2%, within the error tolerance.

国家自然科学基金资助项目(51466011);内蒙古自治区科技创新引导奖励资金项目(2017);内蒙古科技计划项目(2017)