针对一台大容量对冲旋流燃烧锅炉汽包水位偏差过大导致水位无法投自动的问题，从蒸发系统质量平衡的角度揭示了汽包水位偏差的原因是炉内传热的不均衡，并从燃烧和灰污状况的偏差两个方面讨论了炉内传热偏差与汽包水位偏差间的关系。实炉试验表明：调平同层燃烧器和燃尽风喷口一、二次风量，可有效控制汽包水位偏差；在保证进风量测点准确的前提下，应以两侧进风量相等作为进风门调节的依据；相比于前后墙吹灰，侧墙吹灰时更应注意对汽包水位偏差的影响。

In the light of the problem that an excessively big deviation of the water level in the steam drum of a largecapacity opposed swirling combustion boiler resulted in a predicament of having no way to put the water level into an automatic control,from the viewpoint of the mass balance in the evaporation system,revealed was the fact that the causes for the deviation of the water level in the steam drum lied in the unbalance of the heat transferred in the furnace and from such aspects as the combustion and dust deposition and fouling conditions,the relationship between the deviation in the heat transferred inside the furnace and that of the water level in the steam drum was also discussed. The actual furnace test results show that to make even the primary and secondary air flow rates at the spouts of the burners and the overfired air at a same elevation can effectively control the deviation of the water level in the steam drum. Under the precondition of guaranteeing an accurate measurement of the inlet air flow rate,to make the intaking air flow rates at both sides identical should be deemed as the underlying basis for regulating the inlet air registers. Compared with the soot blowing at the front and rear walls,more attention should be paid to the influence of the soot blowing at the side walls on the deviation of the water level in the steam drum.

TK223

质检公益性行业科研专项(201510067)；国家自然科学基金（51376198）