摘 要：利用化学镀层对换热面常用的碳钢材料进行表面改性，得到晶胞细致的NiZnP镀层。将得到的NiZnP试样与碳钢试样、NiP试样进行比较。在黏液形成菌菌悬液中进行微生物污垢和腐蚀实验，进而分析3种试样的抗微生物污垢特性和腐蚀特性。利用称重法记录3种试样的污垢沉积变化情况和光电比浊法记录黏液形成菌的生长情况。利用扫描电镜观察试样在污垢静置实验后的表面形貌，分析比较实验前后表面形貌的变化。利用电化学方法研究试样在黏液形成菌菌悬液中的腐蚀情况。实验结果表明，NiZnP镀层抗微生物污垢特性和耐腐蚀性稍好于NiP镀层，NiZnP镀层表面微生物污垢附着量相较于NiP镀层和碳钢分别减小24.1%和67.7%，NiZnP镀层表面腐蚀失重量相较于NiP镀层和碳钢分别减小5%和84.6%。由于NiZnP镀层的保护，碳钢表面抗微生物污垢特性和耐腐蚀性得到明显提高。

The chemical plating coatings were employed to denature surfaces of carbon steel materials commonly used on heat exchange surfaces.The Ni-Zn-P chemical plating coating samples such obtained were compared with carbon steel samples and NiP chemical plating samples.A microbe fouling and corrosion test was carried out in a bacterial suspension formed in mucus and the microbe foulresistant and corrosionresistant characteristics of the three types of samples were further analyzed.Changes of the fouls deposited on the three kinds of samples were recorded by using the weighing method and the growth of bacteria formed in mucus was recorded by using the photoelectric turbidimetry.After a foul still-keeping test,a scanning electron microscope was used to observe the appearance and morphology of the samples and their changes were analyzed and compared before and after the test.An electrochemical method was utilized to investigate the corrosion of the samples in the bacterial suspension formed in mucus.The test results show that the microbe foul-resistant characteristics and corrosion resistant properties of the Ni-Zn-P plating coatings are slightly better than those of the Ni-P plating coatings and compared with Ni-P plating coatings and carbon steel,the amount of the microbial fouls attached on the surface of the Ni-Zn-P plating coatings will decrease by 24.1% and 67.7% respectively and the amount of the weight lost on the surface of the Ni-Zn-P plating coatings due to corrosion will reduce by 5% and 84.6% respectively.As a result of the protection of the Ni-Zn-P chemical plating coatings,the microbial foul and corrosion resistant characteristics of carbon steel materials on the surface will conspicuously improve.

TK172

国家自然科学基金资助项目（51676131）