为优化风场布置，减小上游风力机尾迹影响，以实现风场全局优化，基于致动线方法，利用OpenFOAM(多物理场运行与操作开源软件)对风力机组风场进行了15种风轮俯仰工况及9种错排布置的数值模拟，比较各优化策略下的风场总输出功率，并结合流场细微结构参数分布，分析不同优化方法对风场全局影响的流动机理。结果表明：尾迹对风场下游风力机影响严重。两种数值模拟优化方法均可实现风场全局优化，其中风轮俯仰优化策略可使风场总输出功率最大提高34.5%；风力机组错排布置可提高68.5%。此外，风场上游风力机功率在风轮俯仰时下降明显，风力机组错排时几乎无变化。

In order to optimize the layout of the wind farm and decrease the effect of wind turbine wake,various operation conditions including fifteen tilting and nine staggering cases were simulated by Open FOAM based on ALM and ideal of global optimization for the wind farm.The total output powers of the wind farm for every optimization strategies were compared and the flow mechanism of the influence on downstream wind turbines in different optimization strategies was investigated by examining the fine fluid field structure. The results showed that wake has a significant influence on the wind turbine at the downstream wind farm. Both two optimization means could realize the global optimization of the wind farm,with the tilting case improving the total output powers by a maximum of 11.80% and the staggering case by 30%. Besides,the output power of the upstream wind turbine has an evident decline when it is tilted,while the outpour power is almost the same when it is staggered.

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国家自然科学基金项目(51176129.51676131)；上海市科学技术委员会项目资助(13DZ2260900)